Hone



July 13, 1948. w. F. MITCHELL HoNE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Sept. 8, 1945 n, .A y IA.

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July 13, 1948.

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As shown in Figs. l to 7 of the drawings, one embodiment of my invention comprises a hone having an ladapter It of usual construction to secure the hone to the rotatably driven spindle of a honing machine. Extending forwardly from the adapter IIJ is a drive shank II of tubular form and carrying on its front end a centering cone I2. The hone has a body structure which, in the present instance, comprises a top end plate I3 having a threaded shank portion I4 screwed into the forward end of the drive shank I I. The body structure also includes a bottom end plate I5 of generally cylindrical form but having a slightly tapered forward end. The end plates I3 and I5 are rigidly secured together in spaced relation by means providing radial passages for the stone carrier. In the present construction, said means comprises a plurality of longitudinally extending spacer bars I5, three in the present instance, having reduced end portions I1 secured in holes provided in the end plates I3 and I5 (as` by radially extending pins I8).

In the spaces between the spacer bars I6 are mounted stone carriers 2G each comprising an elongated longitudinally extending channel. On the outer face of the web portion of each channel is cemented an abrasive stone 2I having a slightly curved outer surface adapted to con-tact and abrade the internal cylindrical surface of the wcrk piece. Each stone carrier 23 is positioned substantially upon a radius of the hone and the ends thereof are guided for radial movement in grooves 22 cut in the opposed end faces of the end plates I3 and I5.

Outward movement of the stone carriers 2U is effected by cam means carried centrally of the hone and longitudinally movable therein. In the present instance, the cam means comprises a cam bar 23 slidably supported in :axial bores in the tw-o end plates I3, I5 and extending rearwardly from the top end plate I3. On the rear end of the cam bar is rigidly secured a sleeve Z slidable within the t-ubular drive shank Il and adapted to abut against a push bar 25 carried therein and having on its rear end a head 26. The head 26 is adapted to be moved forwardly by means of a feed bar or the like of the honing machine to which the `present tool is att-ached. Reverse movement of the cam bar 23 is effected by -a spring 28 interposed between the sleeve 24 and the shank portion I4-l The cam bar 23 carries a pair of cam members 3!) in spaced relation to each other and located between the end plates I3 and I5. Each cam member 30 is rigidly secured to the cam bar as by means of a pin 3| and comprises a hub portion 32 (see Fig. 3) having a plurality of radially extending cam portions 33, one for each stone carrier. Each cam portion 33 extends radially into the channel of the stone carrier and is provided with a forwardly slanting cam surface 34 adapted to engage a portion of the stone carrie-r, which portion in the present instance com-prises a `transverse rib 35 extending crosswise within ythe channel and integral with the flange and web `portions of the channel. It will be apparent, therefore, that forward longitudinal movement of the cam members 30 eects expanding or radially outward movement [of the stone carriers 20. Longitudinal movement of the cam members 30 and consequently outward movement of the stone carriers are limited by engagement of the end of the cam bar 23 with the bottom (indicated at 29) 4 of the bore in the bottom end plate I5. The channel form of the carrier, particularly with the reinforcement of the transverse ribs 35, pro- Ivides a rigid construction and proper support for the stones 2|. However, since the cam portions 33 fit within the channels of the carriers, very little radial space is taken up thereby, and the carriers are therefore permittted to lieI close to the center of the hone when in their contracted position, as shown in Fig. 2. The carriers 20 are further rendered rigid by bein-g provided with end flanges 36 formed integrally with fthe side flanges :and web portion of the channel.

One of .the prominent features of my invention lies in the fact that the stone carriers herein disclosed may be turned end-for-end in the hone in order that both ends of the stones may be worn down evenly. For this purpose, the transverse ribs 35 are symmetrically positioned relative to the ends of the carrier, and each rib has a cam contacting surface which is symmetrical in form so that it may engage they slanting cam surface 34 in the same way when turned in either direction. Thus, the stone carriers when they become worn on o-ne end more than ron the other may be reversed in the hone. This eliminates the necessity of dressing down the unworn portion of the stones in order to attain a perfectly cylindrical non-tapering surface on the Work piece.

Since the cam members 3i) expand or move the stone carriers outwardly, means is provided for moving the stones inwardly when the cam members are retracted, as well as to hold the stone carriers .23 in tight engagement with the cam members. In the present instance, such means comprises a plurality of spring rods or wires 3l, one for each carrier, and engaging the carriers intermedia-te their ends. Preferably, the springs 31 are mounted in the top end pla-te I3 and extend forwardly therefrom alongside each carrier to engage a laterally extending lug 40 on the side face of the carrier. The lug 40 is prefer- :ably positioned at the mid point of the carrier and a corresponding lug is provided on the opposite side in order to engage the spring when the stone carrier is turned end-for-end. By merely detaching the springs 31 from the lugs 4D, the stone carrie-r may be readily removed. Inward movement of each carrier is limited bythe transverse end walls 36 engaging the cam bar 23.

By providing two cam members 3D which engage the stone carriers :at longitudinally spaced points, the stione carriers are moved outwardly in true parallelism with the axis of the hone,

and the two cam members thereby support the stones in such relationship even though only a portion of the length of the stones may be in contact with the work during certain portions of the operation of the hone. The springs 31 engaging the lugs 4D :on the stone carriers, which are located substantially at the mid point of the carriers, provide an even force maintaining the stone carriers against both cam members.

The two modified forms of hone shown in Figs. 8 to 12, inclusive, are of a type adapted for use in honing closed-end bores or bores terminating in an linternal shoulder. These two forms 0f hones are provided with reversible stone carriers since unequal wear of one end of the stones relative to the other is more apt to occur in honing such bores.

In the form of hone shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the drive shank construction is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and is provided with an adapter (not shown) of the same character as shown in Fig. 1.

In. Figs.. 8 and 9., the. drive shank, indicated-ati@ is internally. threaded. at its.y forward en@ torev ceive therein a top end plate .511.. In spaced re lation. ,tof the. top end plate 55|- is.v a. bottom :end plate. 52:, the two end plates being connected by a plurality of spacer bars 53, `providing .with :the end' platesa plurality of` angularly spaced radial openings.- m.

Mounted in these angularly spaced-openings is a plurality oi stone carriers, indicated generally at 54. .Each stone carrier-comprises a channelshaped, inwardly opening portion 55 slidably mounted in radial grooves rformed in the. end plates 5l' and 52. The web portion-or thechannel of each stone carrier.A extends beyond. the ends of' the main portion-ofthe channel, as at 51,110/ liewithintlongitudinal grooves Gil: cutk the peripheres .of the end plates'. The:v stone, indicated; at 6 i, is. of a length equal to the. length of; the. channel portion plus the: extensions; 5101i the ends. thereof. Thusas is apparent. from- Fig..8, the'stone 8i extends at least as .far as the outer or forward face 62 of the bottom end. plate 52; and preferably slightly beyond the face 62 so that the stones; may engage the bore for thefull'depth thereof.

SinceA the bottom endl plate 52 cannot. extend beyond the end ofthe 'stones and' thus' is.y lim-I ited in length, the cam means 'for expand-ing the stones.. or moving them radially out-Ward, is of a somewhat. diiferent character from that shown in the rst form. Thus, in the form shown in Figs. 8 and- 9, I' @provide a cam'barii' slidably mounted in the upper end plate 5l and threaded into: a. cam. member comprising a tubular body portion $4. Integra-ily formed with the tubular body'portion '64 and extending radially therefrom are aplurality of wings or cams 65, -tWo for eachstone carrier, extending into the chan-nel per-- tio-ns of' the sto-ne carriers and provided' with f camsurfaces 68 engaging transverse ribs 61' in the channel" portions. To sl-idablysupportthe cam member, a cam centering pin is,y rigidly se'- cu-red in an axial position -inthe bottom end plate 52i and extends into. the tubular Ibody portion 64 of' the` cam member; Thus, thecan-r member is slidably'supported iny properly' cen-- tered relation to the various stone carriers by thecenteringl pin 1S;

1 The stone carriers are symmetrical relative to a transverse plane' atV their mid pointl so that they may be. reversed in the body structure compri'sinethe end. plates and the' spacerr bars,V 53'. Thus, hon-ing a closed-end bore, when the' forward end'sof the stones'wear tosueh anexterit as` to4 tend toproduce a tapered bore. they may be reversed in the body structure 'of' the honesso' that the wear on the two ends of' each stone may thus be equalized. This construction, therefore, avoids. -the necessity of heavily dressing the stones to maintain a straight cylindri'cal'bore. f

The` stones'are yiel'd'abl'y -held in' engagement with the cam surfaces 65' by means of spring rods .f'tlf extendingfrom' the top endE plate 5l and engaging ears l2; formed on the sides of the stone carriers adjacent theirflongitudinal mid point; The channel-shaped portion of each stone carrier is preferably closed at its ends by transverse walls; .11'3r Whichengage the bottoms of' the grooves Sr' tn hold. the:V stone carriers againstl endwise movement'.v during action of the carnsurfaces 661 untheribs-GJ.. f l

form; oth-one shown-in Figs...l;0f,i lfl and' .12- is adapted particularly forproductiony yWorin Inl this kind of work, a iixture to receive a work piece 'during the honing operation isA provided. Itis, of courser difdcult to maintain Work pieces, when clamped. in such a ii'xture, with. the bore to be honed absolutely'coaxial With.v the spindle ot the. honing machine'. The hone or Figs' 10, l1 and l2 is, therefore.. so constructed that any slight. nnsaligmnent between thework and the honingV machine spindle may be compensated' for so 4that the bore may be accurately honed.

To this end, I provide a honingl head structure similar tothat shown. in Figs.. 8 and 9. and adapted for honing closed-end bores.. The. herrn-1g'V head. indicated generally at 8u, is adapted to be' connected to` the machine through universal connections so that the honing head may operate in a position slightly out of line with the driving spindle of the; honing machine. In. this form, the'honing head is. provided with a top end plate 8i adapted to4 be threaded into a drivef can 82'. The drive. cap and the adjacent end ofthe top end: plate B2i' are provided withl spherical surfaces to'4 receive a` ball. member 83.. The ball` member 8.31 is threaded into av drive 'shank- 84. On the other end. or the. drive shank 8@ isi a similar ball connection. comprising a. ball member a cap 8.8 .and a univers-ala joint` adapter' 81. Drive of the. parts isv effected through drive'pins in the form. of set screws 88- threadsdi.V transversely into the ball members. 83' and' 8:5l andi 'having their heads loosely positioned in radiali apertures.' 391 in the drive caps 812' and Stil. The| universal joint' adapter is. threaded into: a drive adapter Si) adapted to be-v connected to the drive spindle of the honing rriachine- Thus', through thou-hiversalz connections alordedl by the ball members 83' and 85,. thel honing head be slightly out of line-With the driving spindle;

Provision is also made for actuation of thecam members of the honing head under condi'- ti'ons' oi! such misalignment. 'I-o this end, acam bar or pushV rod 9i extends through thetopjen'd plate 8i, the drive shank 84' and its two universal connections; and' into the universal joint adapter However, the diameter of' the' push rod .ll-Iv is slightly less than the internal diameter of any of these parts so' that the push rod lits; looselyA therein and thus may flex when the honing'. head 83D" is ont of' line with. the; drive spindlev of the machine; The pushrod Sil' thus maybe reciprocated to actuatel they cam mem-ber in the honing head when the push rod` is in its flexed' con dition. The upper orrear end of the push rodl 91- is preferablyA threadedI in the shank portion 912 of a pushpad 93' adapted: to engage and1 be actuated by the feed; bar' of the honing machine. The shank portion 924 is slidably mounted in the universal joint adapter 81 and, to' hold the cam member in the honing head' in' the' stone-retractedposition, a coil spring' 94 is mounted' Within the drive. adapter 9U to bear at, one' end against the pad* 93"v and', at its other. end', ag'fai'nst4 the drive adapten It willV be. apparent, that this.- last-described form... by the. universal. connections: ot the drive shank 84 with. the drive. adapter `Si), and thev honing, head. 80, permits rotationl or the, hone` when the Work piece: is slightly out of alignment with thev driving spindle. of the housing; machine; Si-rniliarly,v the loose. fiti of the push rod ill'. withthezvarious parts oii` the: device: permits hex-- ing thereof Without bindingvso that th'ef cam mem-loer` of the.k honing. headI llmay'f befre ely actuatedin suchmi'salignedipositiom 1- I I claim:

1. A hone comprising body structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of channel-shaped stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, and a pair of longitudinally spaced cam members mounted in said body structure for longitudinal movement, each stone carrier having a pair Aof transverse ribs extending between and connected to the channel ilanges and engaging said cam members, said ribs being symmetrically shaped and positioned relative to the ends of the carrier to permit end-forend reversal of the stone carriers.

2. A hone comprising structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality ofv elongate stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, each carrier having a pair of lugs extending laterally from opposite side edges of the carrier, a spring for each carrier mounted in and extending from said body structure in a direction parallel to said carriers, each spring having a free end engaging alug on a carrier and tending to move the carrier inwardly, the free ends of said spring being unobstructed outwardly whereby they are disengageable from the respective carriers merely upon outward movement, and longitudinally movable cam means carried by the body structure for moving the carriers outwardly, each carrier having means engaged by said cam means, which is symmetrically shaped and positioned relative to the ends of the carrier to permit end-for-end reversal thereof, the other lug on each carrierbeing engaged by the spring when the carrier is so reversed.

3. A hone comprising body structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, each carrier comprising a longitudinally extending inwardly opening channel with a pair of longitudinally spaced transverse ribs within the channel extending between and integral with the flanges of said channel, and a pair of longitudinally spaced cam members mounted within said body structure for longitudinal movement and having cam portions extending into and guided slidably in the channels and engaging said ribs for moving said carriers outwardly.

4. A hone comprising body structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality oi stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, each carrier comprising a longitudinally extending inwardly opening channel and cam surfaces in said channel, and cam means having cam portions slidably positioned within the channels and guided thereby in engagement with said cam surfaces for moving the carriers outwardly.

5. A hone comprising body structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, each carrier comprising a longitudinally extending inwardly opening channel with spaced transverse ribs therein, and cam means comprising a cam bar carrying cam portions extending into the channels for sliding movement therein, each cam portion having a beveled face engaging one of said ribs to effect outward movement of the carrier, each carrier also having transverse walls at its ends connected between the side flanges of the channel and adapted to engage the cam bar to limit inward movmentof the channel.

6. A hone comprising body structure provided with angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in said openings for radial movement, each carrier comprising a lon- .gitudinally extending inwardly opening channel with spaced transverse ribs therein connected between the anges of said channel, and cam means comprising a longitudinally movable bar axially positioned within the body structure and carrying a pair of cam members having radially extending cam portions slidable within the channels for guiding said cam means and engaging said ribs to move the carriers outwardly.

7. A hone comprising a pair of spaced end plates having radial grooves in their opposed faces, a plurality of angularly spaced spacer bars rigidly connecting said end plates, a plurality of stone carriers mounted between the spacer bars and extending into said grooves and guided thereby for radial movement, a longitudinally movable cam bar slidably mounted in axial bores in said end plates, a pair of cam members mounted in spaced relation on said cam bar between said end plates and engaging said carriers at spaced points for moving said carriers outwardly, and springs carried by one of said end plates and extending along said carriers externally thereof, said springs bearing against said carriers intermediate the cam members to constitute the sole means tending to move said carriers inwardly, said spring means being unobstructed outwardly of said carriers whereby they are disengageable from said carriers merely upon movement outwardly away from said carriers.

8. A hone comprising a pair of spaced end plates, a plurality of angularly spaced spacer ,i bars rigidly connecting said end plates, a plurality of stone carriers mounted between said spacer bars and guided for radial movement by said end plates, each carrier having a laterally extending lug on one side face intermediate its ends, longitudinally movable cam means slidably supported by said end plates for moving the carriers outwardly, and elongated spring rods extending longitudinally from one of said end plates alongside the respective carriers with their free ends engaging said lugs and tending to move said carriers inwardly, said carriers being symmetrical about a transverse medial axis and reversible end-for-end in said end plates.

9. A stone carrier for a hone of the character described comprising an elongated channelshaped member with the web portion of the channel having a nat outer fact adapted to have a stone cemented thereto, cam engaging ribs extending transversely within the channel from flange to iiange and integral with both the flange and web portions of the channel and closed end walls extending from iiange to flange for positioning said carriers in an endwise direction in a hone body.

10. A stone carrier for a hone of the character described comprising an elongated channelshaped member with the web portion of the channel having a flat outer face adapted to have a stone cemented thereto, and a pair of cam engaging ribs positioned transversely within the channel, the ribs being equally spaced from the respective ends of the channel and of symmetric form to permit end-for-end reversal of the carrier when placed in a hone.

11. A stone carrier for a hone of the character described comprising an elongated channelshaped member with the web portion ofI the channel having a flat outer face adapted to have a stone cemented thereto, -a pair of cam engaging ribs positioned within the channel, and a pair of lugs extending laterally from the respective sides of the channel, said ribs being symmetrically shaped and positioned relative to the ends of the carrier and either of said lugs being engageable by a spring to permit end-for-end reversal of the carrier when placed in a hone.

12. A hone comprising a body structure provided With a plurality of angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in the respective openings for radial movement, and cam means for moving said carriers radially comprising a tubular body mounted axially Within said body structure and having a pair of longitudinally spaced sets of cam portions engaging each carrier at longitudinally spaced points, a longitudinally movable bar fixed in one end of said tubular body for moving said cam portions, and a centering pin xed in said body structure and extending into the other end of said tubular body for slidably supporting said tubular body.

13. A hone comprising a body structure provided With a plurality of angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in the respective openings for radial movement, and cam means for moving said carriers radially comprising a tubular body having cam surfaces engaging each carrier, a bar supported for longitudinally slidable movement by said body structure and fixed in one end of said tubular body, and a centering pin xed in said body structure and extending into the other end of said tubular body for slidably supporting said tubular body.

14. A hone comprising a body structure comprising top and bottom end plates, and a plurality of spacer bars rigidly connecting said end vplates and providing a plurality of angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in the respective openings for radial movement, and cam means for moving said carriers radially comprising a tubular body mounted centrally within said body structure between said end plates and having cam surfaces engaging each carrier, a longitudinally movable bar axially positioned in and slidably supported by said top end plate and fixed in the adjacent end of said tubular body, and a centering pin centrally xed in said bottom end plate and extending into the adjacent end of said tubular body for slidably `supporting the latter.

15. A hone comprising a body structure provided With a plurality of angularly spaced radial openings, a plurality of stone carriers mounted in the respective openings, and longitudinally movable cam means mounted within the body structure for shifting said stone carriers out- Ward, each carrier being symmetrically formed for reversal in the body structure and having stone supporting portions of sumcient length to extend at least to the front end face of said body structure to hone closed-end bores for the full depth thereof.

16. A hone comprising a body structure provided with a plurality of angularly spaced radial openings, longitudinally movable cam means mounted in said body structure, and a plurality of stone carriers shiftable by said cam means, each having -a channel portion mounted in one of said openings and symmetrically formed for reversal in the body structure, each carrier also having extensions at its ends of sucient length to extend at the front end of the hone to the front end face of the body structure to hone closed-end bores for the full depth thereof.

17. A hone comprising a body structure comprising top and bottom end plates, and a plurality of spacer bars rigidly holding said end plates in spaced relation, each end plate having a plurality of radial grooves in its inner face and longitudinal grooves in its periphery, longitudinally movable cam means in said body structure, and a plurality of stonecarriers radially shiftable by said cam means, each stone carrier having a channel portion mounted in radial grooves of the end plates and stone-supporting portion extending into longitudinal grooves in the peripheries of the end plates, said stonesupporting portion being of sufficient length to extend to the front end face of the bottom end plate to hone closed-end bores for the full depth thereof. l

18. A hone comprising a body structure comprising top and bottom end plates, and a plurality of spacer bars rigidly holding said end plates in spaced relation, each end plate having a plurality of radial grooves in its inner face and longitudinal grooves in its periphery, longitudinally movable cam means in said body structure, and a plurality of radially shiftable stone carriers, each having a portion mounted in radial grooves in the plates and cooperating with said cam means, and a stone-supporting portion extending into longitudinal grooves' in the peripheries of the end plates, said stone-supporting portion being of sufcient length to extend to the front end face of the bottom end plate to hone closed-end bores for the full depth thereof.

WALLACE F. MITCHELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the nie of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name f Date 1,715,255 Strand et al May 28, 1929 1,904,336 Sunnen Apr. 18, 1933 1,978,428 Hutto Oct. 30, 1934 2,175,158 Nye Oct. 3, 1939 2,332,463 Palotce Oct. 19, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 267,922 Great Britain Dec. 8, 1927 

